Cervix is an organ in the females that connects the lower part of the uterus to the vagina. Various strains of the human papillomavirus (HPV), a sexually transmitted infection, play a role in causing most cervical cancers. These days a vaccine is available for HPV which prevents cervix cancer. Regular screening for Pap Smear also helps in the early detection of this cancer in women. The best test for early detection of Cervix Cancer is Liquid-Based Pap Smear where the gynecologist scrapes fluid from the vaginal canal and tests it in the laboratory to detect cancer cells at an early stage. Advanced tests include Colposcopy, Punch Biopsy, and Endocervical Curettage. If cervical cancer is established then further tests are done to find the stage of cancer. The best test for this is the Whole Body PET Scan which finds tumor cells in any other part of the body. Surgical removal of the tumor inside the cervix or complete removal of the cervix and the uterus is considered the best treatment. For very small cervical cancer, it might be possible to remove cancer entirely with a cone biopsy. This procedure involves cutting away a cone-shaped piece of cervical tissue but leaving the rest of the cervix intact. Most early-stage cervical cancers are treated with a radical hysterectomy operation, which involves removing the cervix, uterus, part of the vagina, and nearby lymph nodes. A hysterectomy can cure early-stage cervical cancer and prevent a recurrence. But removing the uterus makes it impossible to become pregnant.
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